{"id":1520,"date":"2019-03-02T11:58:20","date_gmt":"2019-03-02T10:58:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/?p=1520"},"modified":"2024-01-13T17:07:22","modified_gmt":"2024-01-13T16:07:22","slug":"mereni-vysky-hladiny-ii-do-it-like-a-pro","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/?p=1520","title":{"rendered":"M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161ky hladiny II &#8211; &#8222;Do it like a Pro&#8230;&#8220;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/WLKa_web.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1525 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/WLKa_web-276x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"276\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/WLKa_web-276x300.jpg 276w, https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/WLKa_web-768x835.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/WLKa_web-942x1024.jpg 942w, https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/WLKa_web.jpg 1104w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 276px) 100vw, 276px\" \/><\/a>Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek navazuje na star\u0161\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/?p=1310\">p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek<\/a> pojedn\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed o m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161ky hladiny vody ve studni, kter\u00fd byl \u0159e\u0161en\u00fd formou zadr\u00e1tov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch komponent a proto tak\u00e9 byl ozna\u010den\u00fd &#8222;Ghetto style&#8220;. Mailem jsem obdr\u017eel spoustu \u017e\u00e1dost\u00ed o stavbu stejn\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a i po odfiltrov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 klasiky &#8211; &#8222;J\u00e1 si to koup\u00edm, kdy\u017e mi d\u00e1te 20% slevu z n\u00e1kupn\u00edch cen sou\u010d\u00e1stek&#8230;&#8220;, nebo &#8222;Dejte mi cenu na 5000 kus\u016f a j\u00e1 si pak jeden za tuhle cenu koup\u00edm&#8230;&#8220; zbylo st\u00e1le dost opravdu v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdch z\u00e1jemc\u016f. Jeden z nich byl natolik zaj\u00edmav\u00fd, \u017ee jsme se nakonec dohodli &#8211; vyvinu novou elektroniku, kter\u00e1 bude uve\u0159ejn\u011bna pod licenc\u00ed Open source hardware a nap\u00ed\u0161u \u00fapln\u011b nov\u00fd firmware, kter\u00fd bude mo\u017en\u00e9 roz\u0161i\u0159ovat ve smyslu pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edho p\u0159ipojen\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed do internetu a komunikace s jin\u00fdmi automatiza\u010dn\u00edmi syst\u00e9my. Elektronika bude m\u00edt mo\u017enost zobrazit hladiny a\u017e ze t\u0159\u00ed zdroj\u016f na OLED displeji. Tohle byly z\u00e1kladn\u00ed dohodnut\u00e9 parametry.<\/p>\n<p><!--more-->Proto\u017ee jsem v\u0161ak cht\u011bl s novou elektronikou pokr\u00fdt i &#8222;star\u00e9&#8220; \u00fakoly &#8211; t\u00edm mysl\u00edm nap\u0159\u00edklad \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed rel\u00e9, kter\u00e9 p\u016fvodn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed obsahovalo, navrhl jsem jen jedno za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se d\u00e1 alternativn\u00edm osazen\u00edm zm\u011bnit na<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>M\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed jednotku<\/strong> &#8211; jednotka pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u016fvodn\u00ed HX711 p\u0159evodn\u00edk a v\u00e1\u017e\u00edc\u00ed tr\u00e1mec pro m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed hloubky. Je ur\u010dena do n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed a kopan\u00fdch studn\u00ed. Alternativn\u011b je mo\u017en\u00e9 osadit p\u0159evodn\u00edk z proudov\u00e9 smy\u010dky, tak\u017ee se daj\u00ed p\u0159ipojit i tlakov\u00e1 \u010didla, kter\u00e1 jsou vhodn\u00e1 pro m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed hladiny ve vrtan\u00fdch studn\u00edch.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Zobrazovac\u00ed jednotku<\/strong> &#8211; pln\u00ed funkce p\u016fvodn\u00ed \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed jednotky. Zobrazuje nam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 hodnoty a umo\u017e\u0148uje celkovou konfiguraci syst\u00e9mu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V\u00fdkonnou jednotku<\/strong> &#8211; tato varianta m\u00e1 osazen\u00e9 a\u017e dva rel\u00e9ov\u00e9 v\u00fdstupy, kter\u00e9 slou\u017e\u00ed pro ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00edzkonap\u011b\u0165ov\u00fdch periferi\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/WLKSch.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1529\" src=\"https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/WLKSch-300x206.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"206\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/WLKSch-300x206.png 300w, https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/WLKSch-768x527.png 768w, https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/WLKSch-1024x702.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/WLKSch.png 1562w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Kv\u016fli snaze o co nejlevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed jsem pro v\u0161echny varianty osazen\u00ed zvolil jako \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed mikrokontrol\u00e9r modul ESP-12. Znamen\u00e1 to tedy, \u017ee je mo\u017en\u00e9 vytvo\u0159it program, kter\u00fd umo\u017en\u00ed komunikaci mezi jednotkami p\u0159es WiFi, nebo alespo\u0148 zobrazovac\u00ed jednotce umo\u017en\u00ed p\u0159enos nam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch hodnot do nad\u0159azen\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n<p>Standardn\u00ed komunikace prob\u00edh\u00e1 pomoc\u00ed sb\u011brnice RS485, proto\u017ee nep\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1m, \u017ee by m\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed modul, um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fd ve studni m\u011bl dobr\u00e9 pokryt\u00ed WiFi sign\u00e1lem.<\/p>\n<p>Abych usnadnil instalaci i m\u00e9n\u011b zku\u0161en\u00fdm u\u017eivatel\u016fm, navrhl jsem zakon\u010den\u00ed rozhran\u00ed RS485 se semiautomatick\u00fdm termin\u00e1torem. Toto zapojen\u00ed jsem kdysi vid\u011bl v n\u011bjak\u00e9m doporu\u010den\u00ed pro zapojov\u00e1n\u00ed RS485, ale nedok\u00e1zal jsem p\u016fvodn\u00ed pramen naj\u00edt. Spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee jsou pou\u017eity termin\u00e1tory s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm odporem, polariza\u010dn\u00ed odpory sb\u011brnice maj\u00ed tak\u00e9 vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed hodnoty a v s\u00e9rii s termin\u00e1torem jsou zapojeny antiparaleln\u011b diody, kter\u00e9 zabezpe\u010d\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 minim\u00e1ln\u00ed polariza\u010dn\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed. Znamen\u00e1 to tedy, \u017ee je sb\u011brnice do jist\u00e9ho po\u010dtu p\u0159ipojen\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a ur\u010dit\u00fdch p\u0159enosov\u00fdch rychlost\u00ed samozakon\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed a nemus\u00edme \u0159e\u0161it zapojov\u00e1n\u00ed termin\u00e1tor\u016f na konc\u00edch linky.<\/p>\n<p>Kdy\u017e u\u017e je usnadn\u011bn\u00e1 instalace hardware, tak by bylo vhodn\u00e9 co nejv\u00edce zjednodu\u0161it i konfiguraci softwareovou. To jsem vy\u0159e\u0161il tak, \u017ee jsem napsal vlastn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fd komunika\u010dn\u00ed modul, zabezpe\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed automatickou adresaci bez nutnosti ru\u010dn\u00edho p\u0159id\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed adres, zabezpe\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed automatickou detekci nov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v s\u00edti a detekci odpojen\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. P\u016fvodn\u011b jsem pro toto v\u0161echno cht\u011bl pou\u017e\u00edt protokol <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pjon.org\/\">PJON<\/a>, ale byl jsem zklam\u00e1n jeho nespolehlivost\u00ed a (alespo\u0148 mi to tak p\u0159ipad\u00e1) neforemnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Celkov\u00e9 zapojen\u00ed desky prakticky nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 komentovat snad a\u017e na zapojen\u00ed 4-tla\u010d\u00edtkov\u00e9 kl\u00e1vesnice. Proto\u017ee m\u00e1 modul ESP-12 m\u00e1lo pin\u016f pro obsluhu, tak jsem navrhnul zapojen\u00ed kl\u00e1vesnice jako odporov\u00fd d\u011bli\u010d, kter\u00fd je p\u0159ipojen\u00fd do analogov\u00e9ho vstupu. Hodnoty odpor\u016f jsou takov\u00e9, jak\u00e9 jsou proto\u017ee A\/D p\u0159evodn\u00edk v ESP8266 m\u011b\u0159\u00ed v rozsahu 0-1V. Na desce je tak\u00e9 p\u0159ipojovac\u00ed m\u00edsto pro mikrovlnn\u00e9 \u010didlo RCWL-0516, kter\u00e9 je pou\u017eit\u00e9 pro detekci osoby, stoj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159ed displejem. Podstatn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem se t\u00edm prodlou\u017e\u00ed \u017eivotnost OLED displeje. M\u00edsto programovac\u00edho konektoru s pogo piny jsem v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pou\u017eil konektoru, tvo\u0159en\u00e9ho jen \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed PCB a jako protikus pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1m koncovku z Wii ovlada\u010de &#8211; kabely jsou dostupn\u00e9 velmi levn\u011b t\u0159eba <a href=\"http:\/\/s.click.aliexpress.com\/e\/cN2bShi0\">zde<\/a> a jejich \u00faprava na programovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravek je rovn\u011b\u017e velmi snadn\u00e1. Toto \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed jsem pou\u017eil u\u017e na dvou projektech a zat\u00edm se velmi osv\u011bd\u010dilo. Jako zobrazovac\u00ed jednotku je mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt LED displej, postaven\u00fd na \u010dipu TM1637, ale pro pohodl\u00ed obsluhy byl nakonec zvolen\u00fd OLED 2.42 palce s rozli\u0161en\u00edm 128&#215;64 bod\u016f. Jako vizualiza\u010dn\u00ed dopln\u011bk je mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159ipojit \u0159adu LED WS2812, nap\u0159\u00edklad <a href=\"https:\/\/s.click.aliexpress.com\/e\/_DluJ5ZF\">tuto<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Pro pohodl\u00ed obsluhy je zobrazen\u00ed na displeji animovan\u00e9 &#8211; p\u016fvodn\u011b animace m\u011bly zabr\u00e1nit vypalov\u00e1n\u00ed bod\u016f na OLED displeji, ale to jsem vy\u0159e\u0161il p\u0159ipojen\u00edm RCWL \u010didla. Animace v\u0161ak u\u017e z\u016fstaly&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/ezgif-4-c633221bf0ab.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1535\" src=\"https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/ezgif-4-c633221bf0ab.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"411\" height=\"252\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed je tvo\u0159eno dv\u011bma menu &#8211; hlavn\u00ed menu slou\u017e\u00ed pro p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed senzor\u016f n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed a pro nastaven\u00ed timeoutu pro zhas\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed OLED, lok\u00e1ln\u00ed menu n\u00e1dr\u017ee pak slou\u017e\u00ed k odeb\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed, jejich kalibraci (nastaven\u00ed nulov\u00e9 hladiny a m\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 hladiny) a k monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed kvality spojen\u00ed se senzorem.<\/p>\n<p>Chybov\u00e9 stavy jednotliv\u00fdch \u010didel jsou pak indikov\u00e1ny blikaj\u00edc\u00edm varovn\u00fdm troj\u00faheln\u00edkem nam\u00edsto v\u00fd\u0161ky hladiny. P\u0159\u00edtomnost nov\u00e9ho, dosud nep\u0159idan\u00e9ho \u010didla je indikov\u00e1na blikaj\u00edc\u00ed ikonou kl\u00ed\u010de ve spodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti obrazovky.<\/p>\n<p>Pro snadnou aktualizaci firmware m\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00fd prvek stavebnice integrovan\u00fd WiFi AP, kter\u00fd se spust\u00ed dvoj\u00edm stiskem tla\u010d\u00edtka Reset. Pak je mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159es webov\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed aktualizovat firmware. Senzory nemaj\u00ed mo\u017enost indikace tohoto stavu, ale zobrazovac\u00ed jednotka ho indikuje blikaj\u00edc\u00ed ikonou WiFi sign\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n<p>Hardware je publikovan\u00fd pod licenc\u00ed Open source hardware &#8211; cht\u011bl jsem z\u00edskat i certifik\u00e1t, o kter\u00fd jsem po\u017e\u00e1dal zde https:\/\/application.oshwa.org\/apply , ale v\u016fbec jsem nedostal \u017e\u00e1dnou reakci, tak\u017ee jsem se na cel\u00fd certifika\u010dn\u00ed proces vyka\u0161lal (cht\u011bl jsem certifika\u010dn\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo um\u00edstit na PCB, ale necht\u011bl jsem zdr\u017eovat v\u00fdrobu).<\/p>\n<p>A na z\u00e1v\u011br tedy archiv s designem hardware v Kicadu:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek navazuje na star\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek pojedn\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed o m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161ky hladiny vody ve studni, kter\u00fd byl \u0159e\u0161en\u00fd formou zadr\u00e1tov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch komponent a proto tak\u00e9 byl ozna\u010den\u00fd &#8222;Ghetto style&#8220;. Mailem jsem obdr\u017eel spoustu \u017e\u00e1dost\u00ed o stavbu stejn\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a i po odfiltrov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 klasiky &#8211; &#8222;J\u00e1 si to koup\u00edm, kdy\u017e mi d\u00e1te 20% slevu z n\u00e1kupn\u00edch &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/?p=1520\" class=\"more-link\">Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed textu <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161ky hladiny II &#8211; &#8222;Do it like a Pro&#8230;&#8220;<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,5,25,21],"tags":[18,86],"class_list":["post-1520","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-arduino","category-elektronika","category-esp8266","category-internet-of-things","tag-esp8266","tag-kicad"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1520","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1520"}],"version-history":[{"count":27,"href":"https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1520\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2033,"href":"https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1520\/revisions\/2033"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1520"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1520"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xpablo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1520"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}